DOI: https://doi.org/10.32645/issn.<span data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"2602-8131"}" data-sheets-userformat="{"2":13309,"3":{"1":0},"5":{"1":[{"1":2,"2":0,"5":[null,2,0]},{"1":0,"2":0,"3":3},{"1":1,"2":0,"4":1}]},"6":{"1":[{"1":2,"2":0,"5":[null,2,0]},{"1":0,"2":0,"3":3},{"1":1,"2":0,"4":1}]},"7":{"1":[{"1":2,"2":0,"5":[null,2,0]},{"1":0,"2":0,"3":3},{"1":1,"2":0,"4":1}]},"8":{"1":[{"1":2,"2":0,"5":[null,2,0]},{"1":0,"2":0,"3":3},{"1":1,"2":0,"4":1}]},"9":0,"10":1,"11":4,"12":0,"15":"Arial","16":10}">2602-8131 Es una revista anual de la Facultad de Industrias Agropecuarias y Ciencias Ambientales de la UPEC, publicada cada mes de Diciembre. Su objetivo es difundir resultados de investigaciones científicas, avances de investigación, artículos científicos o estudios especulativos realizados por investigadores o académicos de las diferentes instituciones educativas de Ecuador y el mundo. Sus áreas de investigación y desarrollo temático son: Agropecuaria, Alimentos, Computación, Turismo y Educación.
UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA ESTATAL DEL CARCHI
El autor mantiene los derechos intelectuales y morales de su obra, autorizando a la editorial de la Revista Tierra Infinita la difusión y divulgación de su contenido con fines estrictamente académicos y de investigación, sin fines de lucro.
Copyright (c) 2024 Freddy Giovanny Torres Mayanquer https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Evaluation of three doses of zinc phosphites in the production of strawberry crops(Fragaria x ananassa) Carchi, Ecuador
With the aim of evaluating three doses of zinc phosphites to improve the production of the strawberry crop (Fragaria x ananassa) in the canton of Tulcán – Carchi province, a study was implemented within a randomized complete block experimental design. Five treatments were evaluated: T1 dose of 0.5 cc L-1, T2 dose of 1.0 cc L-1 With the aim of evaluating three doses of zinc phosphites with the aim of evaluating three doses of zinc phosphites (commercial dose), T3 dose of 1.5 cc L-1, T4 dose of 2.0 cc L-1 and T5 (absolute control), 4 replicates were performed, for a total of 20 experimental units. The treatments were applied in the cultivation, development, flowering and fruiting phases. With the data obtained, the normality test was performed (Shapiro Wilks), followed by the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey at 5%. For the variables that did not present normality, non-parametric tests were performed. Variables evaluated were plant height, total number of flowers, total number of fruits, healthy fruits, (Botrytis cinerea) incidence and severity, productivity, and cost/benefit analysis. Regarding the results obtained in terms of plant height, total number of flowers, total number of fruits, healthy fruits, severity and productivity, no statistical differences were found between treatments. Due to the variable incidence in the development phase, the best treatments were T1 and T2. The benefit/cost analysis shows that all treatments are profitable, the best being treatment T5, it is the most profitable with 4.48 dollars for every dollar invested
Copyright (c) 2024 Emma Teresa Cuaical Galárraga, Haddy Daniela Jácome Lucero, Segundo Ramiro Mora Quilismal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Motivation to oral expression in the 17 de Julio Educational Unit
The importance of oral expression in the educational field, highlighting how public speaking can generate physiological and psychological stress in individuals. It is highlighted that through practice and the development of appropriate techniques, drawbacks when speaking in public can become strengths. The relevance of motivation, both intrinsic and extrinsic, is emphasized in the development of oral expression, based on self-knowledge and personal reflection. The implementation of self-knowledge workshops is mentioned as a strategy to improve students' oral expression, as well as participation in debates on relevant topics to encourage active participation and quality of argumentation. The importance of motivation in the oral expression process is highlighted, since it drives the actions of individuals and can influence their attitude and participation in communicative activities. In summary, the document highlights the importance of practice, motivation, self-knowledge and active participation in the development of oral expression in students, offering recommendations and strategies to improve this communicative skill in the educational field.
Copyright (c) 2024 Jaime Rodrigo Tapia Cevallos, Héctor Darío Taramuel Obando, Marcelo René Mina Ortega, Amparo Andrea Salazar Salazar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Determination of the antimicrobial capacity of melissa officinalis leaves against the strain escherichia coli for application in fresh type cheese
Nowadays, plant extracts are increasingly used in the formulation of food products due to their antimicrobial capacity, which combats pathogenic strains that can compromise food quality. This research evaluated the antimicrobial effect of dried leaves of Melissa officinalis on the Escherichia coli strain, determining the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) through an aqueous extract of the plant. More pronounced inhibition zones were observed at concentrations of 1.5% and 2%. The most effective concentrations were used in the production of fresh cheeses, incorporating dried leaves of Melissa officinalis during the curdling and draining stages. This allowed the extraction of the active compounds from the plant, integrating them into the cheese. The physicochemical characteristics of these cheeses were compared with a control sample (cheese without the addition of leaves). When adding the dried leaves of Melissa officinalis, the parameters of acidity, pH, protein and fat did not show significant differences compared to the control sample. However, significant differences were found in moisture content: cheeses with 1.5% and 2% leaves showed a reduction in water content, decreasing from 61.25% in the control to 55.16% when incorporating dry leaves.
Copyright (c) 2024 María Fernanda Rojas Vallejo, Hernán Alexander Rojas Vallejo, María Isabel Uvidia Fassler, Alexandra Cristina Almeida Castro https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Development of degradable biofilms from breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) flour as an alternative to the use of conventional synthetic plastics.
This work analyzes the environmental problems derived from the use of conventional synthetic plastics, which, due to their resistance and long useful life, generate waste accumulation and health problems associated with the ingestion of microplastics and the release of toxic substances. As a sustainable alternative, the development of biodegradable biofilms from breadfruit flour (Artocarpus altilis) is proposed. The objective of the research is to evaluate the viability of these biofilms as an ecological substitute for petroleum-derived plastics, by characterizing their physical, mechanical and optical properties, as well as their degradation capacity under controlled soil conditions. The methodology included obtaining biofilms from starch present in breadfruit flour, followed by tests to determine their properties and biodegradability rate. The biofilms prepared in the laboratory were subjected to controlled degradation conditions in soil. The results indicated that these biofilms presented good physical, mechanical and optical properties suitable for use as an alternative material to synthetic plastics, with a capacity for complete degradation in approximately 30 days. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that biofilms based on breadfruit flour are a viable and ecological solution to reduce environmental pollution caused by conventional plastics, contributing to the sustainability of the environment.
Copyright (c) 2024 Gabriel Alejandro Moreno Toasa, Inés Abigail Galarza Sanabria, Magdalena Lizbeth Sailema Ortiz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Getting to know the Awá Tikal Nationality in Ecuador, cultural and linguistic aspects
The Awá is one of the fourteen indigenous nationalities that currently live in Ecuadorian territory. Their myths, legends, language and more cultural manifestations, as well as their lifestyle, strongly connect these people to the jungle, the place where they live, from where they get their food and the place that they protect. This document study attempted to determine the themes and ranges of previous research about the cultural features and language of the Awá Nationality in Ecuador. The reviewed works corresponded to publications between 2001 up to 2023. The accounts evidenced that the information published describe, analyze and discuss the situation of the Awá Nationality in Ecuador in aspects like their origin, the region where they live, how they are organized and their culture, including the myth of their origin legends and the language which is in endangered.
Copyright (c) 2024 José Miguel Obando Arroyo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Benefits of cocoa (Theobroma cacao) fermentation in the food industryilimbi) and its Potential Agro-industrial Processes
This study assesses the impact of different fermentation methods on the organoleptic properties and quality of cocoa beans. Three main techniques were analyzed: fermentation in jute sacks, heap fermentation, and box fermentation. Fermentation in jute sacks, though a traditional method, faces limitations in fermentation efficiency and proper drainage, often resulting in partial and heterogeneous fermentation. On the other hand, heap fermentation is commonly adopted by small producers due to its low cost and ease of implementation; however, it requires meticulous management, including regular turning, to ensure uniform fermentation and quality in the final product. In contrast, box fermentation is identified as the most controllable and effective method, significantly influencing the sensory profile of the bean through specific selection of the type of wood used. Comparative tests indicate a notable improvement in bean quality with this method, making it the preferred choice for producing high-quality chocolate. This analysis underscores the critical importance of selecting an appropriate fermentation method to optimize the sensory characteristics of cocoa and meet the quality expectations in today's chocolate market.
Copyright (c) 2024 Kristley David Celi Sabando, María Cristina Chamorro Portilla, Jessica Guadalupe Ballesteros Jerez, Diego Alejandro Barrigas Revelo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Characterization of Bilimbi (Averrhoa bilimbi) and its potential agro-industrial processes
The bilimbi (Averrhoa bilimbi), a tropical fruit cultivated in several countries, including Ecuador, thrives in warm and humid coastal and eastern regions, requiring temperatures between 20 and 30 degrees Celsius and an annual precipitation of at least 1500 mm. Well-drained soils rich in organic matter with a pH between 5 and 6.5 are essential for optimal growth. In Ecuador, it is known as Grosella China, and while similar fruits such as carambola and Indian gooseberry exist, bilimbi has been used in Asian culinary and traditional medicine due to its sour and refreshing taste, although scientific evidence regarding its medicinal properties is limited. Its versatility is reflected in agro-industrial applications, including the production of jams, sauces, vinegars, bakery, and dairy products, harnessing its antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. It also finds use in cosmetics and natural dyes due to its high vitamin C and oxalic acid content. Furthermore, its adaptability to various soil and climate conditions enhances its potential as an agro-industrial crop. Current research focuses on evaluating its feasibility in production processes and industrial applications, such as wine, vinegar, and preserves production, highlighting the growing interest in harnessing its potential in different industrial sectors
Copyright (c) 2024 Elian Joel Rosado Landazuri, Josueth Alfonso Meza Cisneros https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Analysis of bovine milk production and its economic impact on the Tucayta agricultural organization of the Cañar canton
This study analyzed bovine milk production and its economic impact on the Tucayta agricultural organization in the Cañar canton, aiming to identify factors influencing milk production and develop improvement strategies. A descriptive quantitative approach was adopted, collecting data from 200 members across 15 communities through surveys focused on demographics, management of agricultural production units (UPA), infrastructure, and production economics. The results revealed a strong reliance on family labor and a generally basic educational level among producers, which may limit the sector's modernization and expansion. Dairy farming emerged as the main source of income for most UPAs, highlighting the importance of diversifying into meat production. While the infrastructure for water management was adequate, significant deficiencies were found in housing and mechanization. Production costs were high, dominated by expenses on feed and animal health, with a notable lack of soil analysis. Investments in education and technology are recommended to improve productivity and efficiency. The increase in milk prices in 2023 suggests a market recovery, although significant challenges remain for the long-term sustainability of the sector in the region.
Copyright (c) 2024 Byron Alfredo Solano Pichasaca, Gladys Primavera Urgilés Urgilés https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Human Talent and Customer Satisfaction in the hotels of the city of Tulcán
This current study examined the relationship between human talent management and customer satisfaction in hotels spotted in Tulcán. A quantitative approach was employed, putting into use two distinct surveys: one directed at the staff of each hotel and the other at the clients. To assess customer satisfaction, the Net Promoter Score (NPS) was used. The data was processed using the SPSS software, which also facilitated the correlation analysis between the two variables via the Chi-square test. The findings indicated that over 50% of the processes related to human talent management, including organization, development, reward, retention, and audit, were satisfactorily met, though the integration process lagged behind. In terms of customer satisfaction, the NPS score reached 60.5%, reflecting a significant improvement from the previous year's 33%. Lastly, the Chi-square test confirmed a connection between human talent management and customer satisfaction in Tulcan's hotels.
Copyright (c) 2024 Anderson Paul Quizhpi López, Elizabeth Josefina Guevara Guevara https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Logistics 4.0 and its application in hotels in the city of Tulcán, province of Carchi
Tourist accommodation establishments play a very important role in society since they provide accommodation services and logistics is present in each of the steps to provide an excellent service based on the use of technology. This scientific article is developed with the aim of analyzing logistics 4.0 in hotels in the city of Tulcán. A methodology with a quantitative approach was chosen. The instruments used are: a survey based on logistics 4.0 applications, which includes the use of operational management technology, connectivity technology, mobility technology and customer relationship technology. A sample of 10 accommodation hotels was shown. Through them, an analysis of logistics 4.0 in the city's hotels was carried out. The results of the research reveal that the identification of the establishments in which logistics 4.0 is applied is very important since they help optimize management in establishments such as hotels with the use of technology, in addition to providing statistical data that are important for decision making.
Copyright (c) 2024 Jordan Paul Guerrero Cuasquer, Alba Nelly Telag Pitacuar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Fundamentos del Steam-H, como estrategia del modelo educativo aplicado en la formación de ingenieros
The training of engineers demands the application of specific didactic strategies that allow the development of reflective critical thinking, product of exploration, investigation of concrete problems, which combine uncertainty and opportunities as part of creative and innovative thinking to propose answers to the needs and achievement of the SDGs in the local, regional and global context. Seen in this way, didactic strategies cannot be disarticulated from the curricular design in its different levels, and these in turn must be a fundamental part of the Educational Model adopted by the Institution, therefore, problem-based learning that leads to project-based learning is assumed as a fundamental strategy of the Contextual Ecological Educational Model, a path towards planetary sustainability of the Universidad Politécnica Estatal del Carchi in Ecuador, It is applied at the classroom level with an inter and multidisciplinary approach recognizing the unity of the human being, which is at the same time physical, biological, psychological, cultural, social and historical, and at the same time an integral part of a collective, so it is necessary to identify the fundamentals that guide the application of STEAM-H, so that learning and professional training is meaningful and relevant
Copyright (c) 2024 Olga Teresa Sánchez Manosalvas, Germán Fernando Martínez Armendáriz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Immersive experiences in dark Tourism: augmented reality application in Ibarra
The city of Ibarra reveals a promising potential for the development of tourist attractions, especially in the field of “dark tourism” and even more so by taking advantage of augmented reality technology. This opportunity is presented as a clear path towards the incorporation of such technology, covering not only cemeteries, but also homes with stories of spirits, legends and places related to paranormal experiences. The application of this technology is seen as a competitive factor both locally and nationally, which encompasses significant benefits for the entire community. Therefore, the present study proposes the conceptualization of a tourist route that integrates the paranormal and the technological innovation. For its development, qualitative and quantitative research approaches were employed, integrating analytical, synthetic, and deductive methods. Likewise, and end exhaustive bibliographic analysis, field and comparative research were carried out, making use of techniques such as observation, comparative tables, and surveys. The sample, composed of 64 tourist and residents of Ibarra, was a non-probabilistically for convenience. The results obtained expose detailed information on the degree of interest in dark tourism and augmented reality by the participants. Based in these findings, the creation of a prototype of a tourist route in Ibarra that integrates augmented reality and dark tourism is proposed, with the aim of attracting both tourists and residents, providing them with avant-garde and unusual tourist experiences.
Copyright (c) 2024 Dennis Victoria Ortiz Cumbal, Kimberly Lizeth Cedeño Vinces, Victoria Geovanna Ruiz Erazo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Automated System for Irrigation and Fumigation Control in Physalis peruviana (Uvilla) Plantations
This study focused on the development of an automated system for irrigation and fumigation control in Physalis peruviana (Uvilla) plantations. The main objective was to optimize irrigation and fumigation processes in plantations through the use of low-cost and easily accessible technology. Moisture, temperature, and proximity sensors were employed, controlled by an ESP32 microcontroller, and a mobile application was designed using Flutter to monitor and manage the system in real-time. The methodology included the implementation of an experimental approach with field tests, where the effectiveness of the automated system was evaluated. The results indicated a significant reduction in water consumption and an improvement in fumigation efficiency, contributing to an increase in uvilla crop productivity. The conclusions highlight the technical and economic feasibility of the proposed system, as well as its potential to be replicated in other agricultural contexts.
Copyright (c) 2024 Marco Antonio Yandún Velasteguí, Anthony Alexander Quiranza Arciniega, Henrry Sebastián Jiménez Jácome, Jhon Jairo Quilismal Tulcán https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Copyright (c) 2023 MSc. Freddy Giovanny Torres Mayanquer https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
THE IMAGE OF RICHARD CARAPAZ AND HIS INFLUENCE IN THEDEVELOPMENT OF LOCAL TOURISM, AT EL CARMELO PARRISH
The Richard Carapaz image transcended the barriers of sport and became a true icon, generating a wave of enthusiasm and admiration throughout the country. The present investigation analyzed the role of the Richard Carapaz image, in the development of local tourism in “El Carmelo” parish. The main objective of this study was to analyze the image of the athlete as a worldrenowned sports figure who has had an impact on tourism in this region and has generated new economic and cultural opportunities. The study was based on exhaustive research that included a bibliographic review, qualitative data analysis, as well as interviews and surveys with key agents in the local tourism field. Through these methods, the perception of tourists and local residents about Richard Carapaz was examined, as well as the actions taken by local authorities to capitalize on his image. The results of the investigation reveal that this image has been a determining factor in the increase in tourist interest in the sector. His Olympic victory and his outstanding performance in cycling competitions have generated greater visibility for the region at a national and international level. This has attracted a growing number of tourists who want to experience the natural environment and the cycling routes created from the sporting boom.
Daniela Stefanía Yandun Duarte Daniela Stefanía Yandun Duarte
Copyright (c) 2023 Daniela Stefanía Yandun Duarte https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
QUANTIFICATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SATURATEDAND UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS IN YOGURT PRODUCED INTUNGURAHUA PROVINCE, ECUADOR
Dairy products, especially yogurt, are categorized as indispensable food products in the Ecuadorian daily diet. This drink contains essential nutrients for the human body, including proteins, minerals, fat, carbohydrates, fiber, and vitamins, which together generate energy and vitality for consumers. The main objective of this study was to determine the relationship between saturated fatty acids (SFA) and unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) in yogurt made in the province of Tungurahua and establish its possible effect on cardiovascular disease. The determination of the lipid profile of yogurt was performed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrophotometry, the main fatty acids being; myristic acid (10.8% ±0.5), palmitic acid (37.0 % ±1.6), oleic acid (10.7% ± 0.4) and stearic acid (25.1% ±0.5), highlighting that in some yogurt samples there was the presence of conjugated linoleic acid with an average value of (0,2 % ± 0.4). Regarding the nutritional quality indices, the values of the (SFA/UFA) ratio, ω6/ω3, and atherogenicity index were 2.0% ± 1.0; 4.4 % ± 6.1% and 2.5 % ± 1.3%, respectively. The lipid profile comprised SFA/UFA, which ranged from 1.2 % to 3.0 %, indicating that yogurt has a positive effect on the nutritional contribution of the consumer in individual places in the province of Tungurahua.
Copyright (c) 2023 Lander Vinicio Pérez Aldás, Mercedes Elizabeth Córdova Culqui, Andrea Verónica Delgado Ramos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de EGB de la Unidad Educativa Riobamba antes y durante la pandemia de COVID-19
Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar del rendimiento académico antes y durante la pandemia COVID-19 en los últimos niveles de Educación Básica General de la Unidad Educativa Riobamba. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva, correlación del coeficiente de Pearson y análisis de varianza para evaluar el rendimiento de 894 estudiantes del año lectivo 2019-2020. Los resultados evidencian que los rendimientos académicos de asignaturas verbales como el Inglés; Lengua y Literatura; Estudios Sociales mostraron intercorrelaciones más altas (r ≥ 0.7; p ≤ 0.01). El análisis de varianza reveló diferencias significativas (p ≤0.01) entre el rendimiento académico antes vs. durante la pandemia, con una media de rendimiento de 7.43 y 9.49 respectivamente. Para el análisis de género; también, presentó diferencias significativas, donde los niños (8.3) se vieron afectados en el rendimiento respecto a las niñas (8.6). De la misma manera, para las asignaturas existió diferencias significativas; Inglés (8.27), Estudios Sociales (8.25) y Matemática (8.23) fueron asignaturas más afectadas en pandemia. Las conclusiones resaltan la importancia de conocer y valorar como el género y tipo de asignatura presentan contribuciones al rendimiento académico antes y durante la pandemia.
Copyright (c) 2023 Margarita Leticia Coello Ocaña, Miriam Soraida Torres Garces, Maritza Mercedes Rojas Vaca https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Human Computer Interaction’s insights into the Recognition of Love: A Comprehensive Framework
This framework considers complex emotions that can be analysed by various current technological techniques, measures, and resources available nowadays. The author postulates an evolving feedback mechanism between man’s psyche and technology development which defines man’s psychological condition as well. The dimensions of the dynamic feedback loop comprise of affective communication via technology, recognition of emotions through technology, and moderation of emotions using technology. Thought the exploration of love other possibilities for theoretical frames of system development, and systems’ needs for other emotions. Using emotion recognition technology (e.g., facial expression analysis) and sentiment analysis, these devices can recognise the users’ emotions, thereby making it possible for designers to develop user-centred designs. What makes emotional technologies exist is the requirement of combining the technologies which are highly precise and can understand the complicated traits of life. Finally, the importance of emotional technologies advancements is discussed as t is now essential to unify these technologies to reach unprecedented accuracies and studying the highest complexity of life phenomena.
Copyright (c) 2023 Hernan Isaac Ocana Flores https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
THE ROLE OF ACADEMIC WRITING IN HIGHER EDUCATION:EXPLORING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WRITING ANDSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS (SDGS)
The purpose of this study was to recognize the importance of writing essays in the context of Higher Education. The revised literature valued the essay as an effective tool for developing academic, communicative and reflective skills in students. Additionally, the value of writing essays as a form of academic expression that influences awareness of reality was also investigated. Methodologically, this qualitative research reviewed academic literature related to the writing of essays to identify current approaches and implemented a survey aimed at students of the Carchi State Polytechnic University to know their perception about academic writing. Finally, some essays were analyzed whose themes are linked to the Sustainable Development Goals, the results show the usefulness of writing for learning and to express opinions and innovative solutions to specific problems.
Copyright (c) 2023 MSc. Rodrigo Marcelo Criollo Burbano https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Estado nutricional y rendimiento académico en niños de la escuela Modesto Aurelio Peñaherrera, Cotacachi 2023
La nutrición es un proceso que involucra el metabolismo de la célula, que significa la transformación de la materia a energía, por lo cual, va a influir en el desarrollo del individuo, y del cual, el tejido cerebral es uno de los más susceptibles a las deficiencias nutricionales, especialmente, en los niños. Por lo tanto, si no se aplica una correcta alimentación desde temprana edad, va a repercutir negativamente en el rendimiento académico de los escolares. Objetivo: La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar el estado nutricional y el rendimiento académico en los niños de la Escuela Modesto Aurelio Peñaherrera del cantón Cotacachi. Metodología: El tipo de estudio fue descriptivo, cuantitativo de corte trasversal, la población en estudio fueron 94 niños entre varones y mujeres, con edad comprendida entre 10 a 11 años, de los cuales se calculó una muestra con el 95% de confianza y 4% de error, quedando 87 escolares. Se utilizaron diferentes técnicas para la recolección de información como encuesta, formulario antropométrico y notas obtenidas durante el año académico. Resultados: Dentro de los 87 escolares, el 51,7% presento una talla adecuada para su edad; el 48,3% una baja talla y riesgo a baja talla;35,6% se encuentra con un adecuado estado nutricional y el 64,4% tienen sobrepeso y riesgo a sobrepeso; también se observó que solo el 21,2% dominan los aprendizajes requeridos en niños con sobrepeso o riesgo de sobrepeso. Conclusiones: Existe un gran número de niños con riesgo de baja talla y baja talla, pero no se encontró relación con el rendimiento académico, caso contrario con el IMC/Edad, ya que los escolares que tienen riesgo y sobrepeso solo alcanzan los aprendizajes requeridos, por lo que se comprueba que el estado nutricional si influye en el rendimiento académico.
Copyright (c) 2023 JHON BRYAN MALDONADO HARO, MSc. Claudia Amparo Velasquez Calderon https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
ECUADORIAN EDUCATION AND ITS RELATIONSHIP IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT FOCUSED ON POVERTY AND INEQUALITY
In recent years, due to the incorrect distribution of resources that arose from political decisions made around Ecuador, an incongruent decrease in the relationship between economic development and education has been observed based on the student context and available resources. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between education and development focusing on the factors of poverty and inequality. Taking into consideration variables such as economic growth and public spending on citizens at the national level. This research is of a mixed longitudinal nature, since it was analyzed from a correlational, descriptive, statistical, documentary and observational point of view. Similarly, a database was created from INEC and the World Bank for retrospective analysis with a quantitative approach using Pearson's coefficient. In conclusion, it was possible to prove that there is a relationship between education and Ecuadorian economic development. However, the statistics showed that there is both a medium and a low relationship. This is due to the fact that education is not only the only factor involved in improving well-being, but there are also other more influential factors.
Julio Cesar Andrade Palacios Andrade Palacios
Copyright (c) 2023 MSc. Julio Cesar Andrade Palacios, MSc. Esteban Wladimir Andrade Palacios, MSc. Alonso Javier Chandi Yépez https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF RAW MILK IN DAIRY INDUSTRIES AND STORAGE CENTERS LOCATED IN THE PROVINCE OF CHIMBORAZO- ECUADOR
Milk is considered a food of high nutritional value, necessary for food and nutrition. Milk production in Ecuador is one of the most important livestock activities in terms of the country's economy. For this reason, it is necessary to control milk from milking to marketing. The parameters to determine the quality of milk prior to industrialization are evaluated through physical, chemical and microbiological analyses. The purpose of this research was the physicochemical characterization of raw milk from dairy industries and collection centers located in the Province of Chimborazo. To carry out the physical-chemical analysis, milk samples were collected from each supplier, determining quality parameters established by the INEN 9 Standard, such as temperature, density, percentage of fat, protein and total solids. This sampling was carried out with the purpose of identifying compliance and non-compliance with these parameters in the different collection centers and dairy industries, evidencing a 4% non-compliance with these quality parameters; In order to improve milk quality, it is proposed to implement consecutive controls at these establishments, in addition to promoting good milking practice programs. In this study, a labeling was carried out where 90% of the dairy industries and collection centers are labeled green, which indicates that they maintain adequate compliance with the quality parameters, 8%, however, are labeled yellow and the 2% are found in red labeling
Miler Gabriel Duchi Yaguachi Miler Gabriel Duchi Yaguachi
Copyright (c) 2023 Ing. Miler Gabriel Duchi Yaguachi, MSc. Sebastián Alberto Guerrero Luzuriaga, MSc. María Fernanda Rojas Vallejo, MSc. Ramiro Germán Jaramillo Bayas https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
ICT AS A SUPPORT FOR THE RETENTION OF INFORMATION IN SELF-GUIDED TOURS: THE CASE STUDY OF THE MUSEO DE LAS CULTURAS COTACACHI
With a diverse collection of historical objects and exhibits, the Cotacachi Cultures Museum is an important cultural institution in Ecuador. The aim of this study was to implement a mobile web prototype application to enhance information retention in self-guided tours within the museum as an added value to the visitor's experience. The use of the cellphone as an educational tool offered new opportunities in learning about cultural heritage. The platform utilized in this study was Storymap, which consisted of an ArcGIS Online website linked through QR codes, providing detailed multimedia and textual information about the collection of historical objects and exhibits. This demonstrates that the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in museums has many advantages, and its applications evolve with technological advancements. In this study, it facilitated self-guided interpretation of the museum's cultural heritage. The results of this article were evaluated at two points in time: the first without the use of the mobile web prototype application and the second with the support of this application. It was observed that there was greater information retention with the use of the technology proposed in this study, making it a positive alternative for learning during self-guided tours.
Copyright (c) 2023 MSc. Nelson Iván Bedón Suárez, PhD. Nhora Magdalena Benítez Bastidas , Raúl Clemente Cevallos Calapi, Bedón Arciniega Ronnie Alejandro https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
ECONOMIC VALUATION OF WATER ACCORDING TO USE
The paper reviews several scientific studies on the economic valuation of water and its importance in different contexts. Different methods used to measure the value of water are suggested, such as integrative valuation of ecosystem services, contingent valuation, revealed valuation, and assessment of willingness to pay for improvements in water quality. Being a review article a metadata analysis was performed in the Scopus platform where the words valuation, economic, water were used, restrictions were applied in relation to: periodicity from 2010 to the present, limited to environmental sciences, economics, econometrics and finance, biological sciences and agriculture; in the titles sciences of the whole environment, environmental management and ecological economics; the filtered language is English in which the scientific articles were written, the main objective is to systematize each of the 100 researches, a base document of consultation for future studies in economic valuation of water is structured. Descriptive analysis was applied using the "R" program, including bibliometrix and biblioshiny. The importance of considering water quality in the estimation of benefits is highlighted, since households are willing to pay more for better quality drinking water. It is mentioned that water quality varies according to perceptions and factors such as age, trust in the authorities, health problems and education. The amount of income in a family is not a determining factor in the willingness to pay for water-related ecosystem services; respondents with higher levels of education and higher incomes are willing to pay more. Studies on the economic valuation of water in different countries, such as China, the United States, the United Kingdom, Kenya and Canada, are reported; these studies use different methods to obtain data on the preferences and willingness to pay of local residents, and the results are used to inform water policy and management decisions. The main conclusion is that water valuations, whether for public, private or intermediate production use, will not have objective significance unless they are accompanied by policies and decision-making by local, sectional, provincial, national authorities and governments of the day that allow for equitable conservation and commercialization for both conservers and users.
Copyright (c) 2023 MSc.Edison Fernando Campos Collaguazo, MSc. Geraldo Ariolfo Cuadrado Barreto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
INFLUENCE OF EMOTIONS ON THE BEHAIVOR OF PRESCHOOL.
This research presents an analysis of the relationship between emotions and behavior of preschool children, for this a quantitative research was used, corresponding to a non- experimental, descriptive-correlational and cross-sectional design, which had as participants 50 parents, the same ones who filled out a questionnaire about the behaviors that they show daily in the child's routine, the results showed that their relationship is close and also that this could be linked to the lack of self-regulation of the parents.
Copyright (c) 2023 Cruz Alisson, Camino Jonathan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
MAIN DIFFICULTIES EVIDENCED IN ORAL LANGUAGEIN CHILDREN AGED 3 TO 4 YEARS THROUGH THE ORALLANGUAGE TEST
In the present study, the vocabulary level of students from 3 to 4 years of age from the Guillermo Vinueza Fiscal School and the Jilgueritos Child Development Center located in the province of Napo is compared. The method used is of the comparative type of cross- sectional design with a quantitative approach and descriptive scope, the standardized test Oral Language Assessment (ELO) was applied to a total population of 29 children and the level of oral language was compared in relation to auditory discrimination, phonological, syntactic and semantic aspects. The results show insignificant differences in the area of oral language development within all the aspects to be evaluated. It is concluded that language deficiency groups several factors such as social, family, affective, economic, housing, tics, teacher training that directly affect this area.
Copyright (c) 2023 Lcda. Jessica Aracelly Chaluisa Maiquez, Msc. Gisela Catalina Padilla Álvarez https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
The Story as a Didactic Resource for Teachers to Promote Reading Habits in 3-4-Year-Old Children."
The story is installed as a favorable resource for the approach of the infant to imaginative and creative reading. Therefore, its educational value is recognized in a significant way. Being a didactic resource in the school by the teacher, since it prepares for life, develops the habit of reading and contributes to the development of learning. The purpose of this study is to know if teachers use the story as a teaching resource, types of stories they use and if they develop reading through this educational resource. The methodology used is a descriptive-qualitative study, which applied a Likert scale survey with 12 closed questions to teachers of Initial Education I, in public and private institutions. The results show significant differences in importance, use, types, and interest of the story as a teaching resource. It is concluded that the story plays an important role in the child's learning in the development of social, cognitive and affective skills. Creating and fostering a reading habit in the infant.
Copyright (c) 2023 Lcda. Nelly Stefania Cusme Carrion, MSc. Gabriela Monserrate Aguirre Calan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Children's literature and its essential link to reading and writing
Given the relevance of children's literature, largely underestimated, the aim of this article is to analyze children's literature and its essential link with literacy in children aged 3 to 8 years. A qualitative systematic review of observational studies was carried out in the Web of Science and Scopus databases considered reliable in the field of scientific research, a total of 625 articles were identified, from which 37 articles were selected and analyzed based on the inclusion criteria. The results highlight the relevance of children's literature in reading and writing due to its potential to captivate children's imagination and interest, laying the foundations for a lasting engagement with written language. The findings reveal that the integration of varied literary genres and innovative approaches, such as digital storytelling, enriches children's experience, adapting it to a constantly evolving technological world.
Copyright (c) 2023 Joselyn Dayanira Romero Cedeño, MSc. César Rafael Narváez Carrión https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
INFLUENCE OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF GAMIFICATION AS A TEACHING METHOD FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL SKILLS IN CHILDREN FROM 3 TO 4 YEARS OLD
The article relates the use of technology in the teaching process through gamification, to promote social skills in children aged 3 to 4 years. Various observational studies were collected and a systematic review was carried out according to the search in databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, ERIC, Dialnet and Google Scholar, as well as professional scientific journals and relevant research references identified. In the documentary search, 1756 scientific articles were identified, of which 47 research works were defined, but only 15 articles were suitable according to the evaluation criteria. The results were favorable in terms of the creation of gamified learning spaces or environments to develop social skills in students aged 3 to 4 years, improving their social interaction with their environment. In conclusion, the vast majority of studies agreed that gamification was an effective tool as a teaching method and that it allowed for enhancing social skills in students, especially related to improving academic performance and strengthening comprehensive child development.
Copyright (c) 2023 MSc. Carlos Fabián Naranjo Viteri, Daniela Gema Paguay Cano https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0